The BC Step Code Drives Sustainable Solutions in Vancouver

The couple decided that they needed to move from their 800-square-foot house to accommodate their at-home businesses. They were involved in the design of their new 2,275-square-foot sustainable home from the start. Amanda, in particular, led the planning, says Brad Ingram, senior design manager at Synthesis Design, which has studios in North Vancouver and Calgary.  

"She has a terrific design sense and gave us one the best wish lists we've ever received from a client," Ingram enthuses. "She thinks spatially, all the time. She helped us understand from a philosophical standpoint how and what she wanted to feel in every room. That was both terrifying and exhilarating." 

Sustainability Via the BC Energy Step Code  

The British Columbia (BC) Energy Step Code helps architects, builders, and homeowners move through five steps of energy efficiency until they reach net-zero status (step 5). Energy-modeling software and on-site testing show stakeholders how those energy-efficient building standards are being achieved. King's Residence achieved Step 4 by incorporating a super-insulated and air-tight envelope, with an HRV for fresh-air filtering and circulation at 1.47 air changes per hour. 

"The Step program forces people to build energy-efficient homes," Ingram says. "The clients were excited about this but didn't know what it entailed. After we did lots of client education on exterior insulation, HRVs, and extra insulation on the inside, they embraced how energy efficient and comfortable the home would be."

A sculptural, abstracted iteration of the traditional farmhouse, the home's building envelope is a single seamless form with the standing-seam metal roof running down the walls. The designers pushed in portions of the envelope to create indented shelters. The low-maintenance exterior includes glossy Wallshell powder-coated fiber-cement panels and Trespa siding, a high-pressure laminate product resembling tongue-and-groove wood, at the front and back of the house.

Beneath the siding is a plywood sheathing, 1.5 inches of exterior Rockwool insulation (also known as mineral or stone wool), and spray foam insulation to reach R-24 in the walls. The R-40 roof is insulated with spray foam. All of the walls and roof have a vapor barrier and taped sheathing to ensure air-tightness. The floor was constructed slab on grade with rigid foam insulation to reach R-20. Some of the windows are double-glazed, some triple-pane, with low-E coatings and argon gas.

While the heat pump is electric, the clients opted for a natural gas furnace that's 97% efficient. The team conducted blower-door tests to confirm the home had reached Step 4.

Stewarding the Home and the Environment

King's Residence is extremely energy efficient, with a tight building envelope, excellent air circulation, and energy-efficient appliances. Still, it's critical, says Curtis Krahn, principal of Synthesis Design, that "the clients understand how to use the systems and how their lifestyle affects energy use." Significantly, he adds, when the sustainable home is also a smart home with programmable thermostats and heat pumps. "Our homes are now smart, so we need to be smarter," Krahn adds.

"You can't simply leave the manuals after the house is complete and the homeowners have moved in," he explains. "Builders, contractors, and designers also need to instruct the clients on what happens when they use and adjust different systems, and how they have made lifestyle changes to ensure the smart, sustainable house works best for them."

He also advises homeowners to make sure "designers, builders, energy advisors, plumbers, electricians, other contractors, and the homeowners are on the same page when it comes to building and operating a smart energy-efficient home. Homeowners will have a lot to understand and think about to operate the house for maximum energy efficiency."